It is quite an interesting topic... I'd like to understand it better. Just thinking out loud here: In maya, once you render out a sequence of still images, each "frame" can be as long as you want, so there won't be any compatibility issues moving to any frame-rate in a compositor.
The only difference will be in the expected speed of the animation. If you are checking your animation in maya and doing playblasts at 30fps and then output it as a final frame rate of 24fps, the animation might end up being too slow. For your purposes, unless you have a brilliant eye and a remarkably accurate sense of motion, you will never notice the animation being the "wrong" speed if you playblast at 24fps and composite at 23.98.

Hope that makes sense.

On a side note, I have noticed some strange ghosting issues when I was trying to composite in AE, and I wondered if that was because of the difference in frame rates, but I think not. I think that was a seperate setting, but I can't recall what it was, unfortunately. You can see it here, if you pause the video:
Whiplash on Vimeo