Was it smooth bond or riggid? If it was rigged bond you can try using edit membership tool.....
Go to you animation menu set> deform> edit membership menu.
If that is the problem you should be able to assign the little guy to the thumb joint...
Also try to bring the level back down to 0 when play witht the edit tool...
Still trying to think of other reasons.
Hope thats it
Kurt
I am enough of an artist to draw freely upon my imagination, knowledge is limited, imagination encircles the world. (Albert Einstein)
https://www.artstation.com/kurtb