First, there have been weight changes happening without my knowledge. In one instance, my finger joints have weight assigned to the chest and pelvis region of my character. This occurred before I even started to edit the weight on the fingers. In another instance, where I've deleted non-deformer history and binded a fresh new skin, the fingers initially had no weight on them until I decided to work on the spine joints and out of no where, the fingers have weight on them in the chest area as I switch to the finger joints.
Second, when I try to clear some of these extraneous weights (via paintbrush or flooding vertices), once I switch to a new joint and switch back to the same joint I had just made changes to, the weights stay the same as before and they have become impossible to remove.

How do I fix these issues? Also, what would be an ideal workflow for weight painting in Maya so that I make sure I don't run into issues like these?