I also am interested in using Maya for data visualization
So I'm curious to know how you proceed with your efforts. Frankly, I suspect that building the kind of visuals you are describing would be easier than building full-fledged realistic scenes, animations, human characters, etc. After all, you do not need to design alot of the meshes or NURBS objects on your own, because most of the data points are provided by the data set you are working on. Of course, each data point has to be translated into 3d coordinates and criteria have to be set up for defining edges and faces, but this can still be done largely algorithmically. What thing I would strongly recommend, however -- for whatever its worth, since I am far from a Maya expert but I do have alot of background in language development -- is that you design some sort of "Domain Specific Language" to express your specific data model. You could then design a backend to translate specific files in that language into either MEL or C++ code, rather than writing that code directly. If you've written HTML or XML, you could create an XML-based language. Myself, I've programmed in Lisp, so facing a similar project I designed a Lisp-like language. Actually, being a little biased in that direction, I would suggest that you look into Clojure, which is a Lisp-like language that runs with Java (and therefore is easy to integrate with Jython, for example). You could define your data structures in Clojure, which is easy to use for that, and then perhaps emit Python code -- I think Python works for Maya scripting as well as MEL. Since I'm doing similar work, I'd be happy to share ideas as we mutually proceed. Good luck!